3 Insurance information

Premiums earned and fees assessed against policyholders

For the years ended 31 December

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2015
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Rein­surance1

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital1

Total

1

As of 1 January 2016, the primary life and health insurance business (individual and group) is reported in the Life Capital segment instead of the Life & Health Reinsurance segment. Comparative information for 2015 has been adjusted accordingly.

Premiums earned, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Direct

 

39

2 732

1 197

3 968

Reinsurance

15 301

11 353

872

143

27 669

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

57

595

–57

–595

0

Premiums earned before retrocession to external parties

15 358

11 987

3 547

745

31 637

Retrocession to external parties

–268

–1 420

–168

–30

–1 886

Net premiums earned

15 090

10 567

3 379

715

29 751

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fee income from policyholders, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Direct

 

 

 

323

323

Reinsurance

 

50

 

91

141

Gross fee income before retrocession to external parties

 

50

 

414

464

Retrocession to external parties

 

–1

 

 

–1

Net fee income

0

49

0

414

463

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2016
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Rein­surance

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital

Total

Premiums earned, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Direct

 

45

2 879

1 293

4 217

Reinsurance

17 166

12 204

968

173

30 511

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

113

594

–113

–594

0

Premiums earned before retrocession to external parties

17 279

12 843

3 734

872

34 728

Retrocession to external parties

–271

–1 357

–231

–178

–2 037

Net premiums earned

17 008

11 486

3 503

694

32 691

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fee income from policyholders, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Direct

 

 

 

410

410

Reinsurance

 

40

 

89

129

Gross fee income before retrocession to external parties

 

40

 

499

539

Retrocession to external parties

 

1

 

 

1

Net fee income

0

41

0

499

540

Claims and claim adjustment expenses

For the year ended 31 December

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2015
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Rein­surance1

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital1

Group items

Total

Claims paid, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross claims paid to external parties

–8 651

–8 931

–2 726

–2 310

–38

–22 656

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

–739

–456

739

456

 

0

Claims before receivables from retrocession to external parties

–9 390

–9 387

–1 987

–1 854

–38

–22 656

Retrocession to external parties

540

1 168

278

54

 

2 040

Net claims paid

–8 850

–8 219

–1 709

–1 800

–38

–20 616

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross – with external parties

567

218

754

726

37

2 302

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

941

–37

–941

37

 

0

Unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits before impact of retrocession to external parties

1 508

181

–187

763

37

2 302

Retrocession to external parties

–550

26

–59

–31

 

–614

Net unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits

958

207

–246

732

37

1 688

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits

–7 892

–8 012

–1 955

–1 068

–1

–18 928

Acquisition costs

For the year ended 31 December

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2015
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Reinsurance1

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital1

Total

1

As of 1 January 2016, the primary life and health insurance business (individual and group) is reported in the Life Capital segment instead of the Life & Health Reinsurance segment. Comparative information for 2015 has been adjusted accordingly.

Acquisition costs, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Gross acquisition costs with external parties

–3 898

–2 137

–492

–233

–6 760

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

–6

–72

6

72

0

Acquisition costs before impact of retrocession to external parties

–3 904

–2 209

–486

–161

–6 760

Retrocession to external parties

68

244

27

2

341

Net acquisition costs

–3 836

–1 965

–459

–159

–6 419

Claims and claim adjustment expenses

For the year ended 31 December

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2016
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Reinsurance

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital

Total

Claims paid, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Gross claims paid to external parties

–8 546

–10 032

–2 563

–3 384

–24 525

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

–502

–477

502

477

0

Claims before receivables from retrocession to external parties

–9 048

–10 509

–2 061

–2 907

–24 525

Retrocession to external parties

342

1 205

223

227

1 997

Net claims paid

–8 706

–9 304

–1 838

–2 680

–22 528

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Gross – with external parties

–2 014

392

257

833

–532

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

702

–34

–702

34

0

Unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits before impact of retrocession to external parties

–1 312

358

–445

867

–532

Retrocession to external parties

–283

–17

20

–83

–363

Net unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits

–1 595

341

–425

784

–895

 

 

 

 

 

 

Claims and claim adjustment expenses; life and health benefits

–10 301

–8 963

–2 263

–1 896

–23 423

Acquisition costs

For the year ended 31 December

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2016
USD millions

Property & Casualty Reinsurance

Life & Health Reinsurance

Corporate Solutions

Life Capital

Total

Acquisition costs, thereof:

 

 

 

 

 

Gross acquisition costs with external parties

–4 458

–2 094

–589

–137

–7 278

Intra-group transactions (assumed and ceded)

–16

–59

16

59

0

Acquisition costs before impact of retrocession to external parties

–4 474

–2 153

–573

–78

–7 278

Retrocession to external parties

69

210

56

15

350

Net acquisition costs

–4 405

–1 943

–517

–63

–6 928

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims and policy benefits

As of 31 December 2015 and 2016, the Group had a reinsurance recoverable of USD 6 578 million and USD 7 461 million, respectively. The concentration of credit risk is regularly monitored and evaluated. The reinsurance programme with Berkshire Hathaway and subsidiaries accounted for 52% of the Group’s reinsurance recoverable as of year-end 2015 and 40% as of year-end 2016.

Reinsurance receivables

Reinsurance receivables as of 31 December were as follows:

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USD millions

2015

2016

Premium receivables invoiced

1 441

1 717

Receivables invoiced from ceded re/insurance business

201

177

Assets arising from the application of the deposit method of accounting and meeting the definition of financing receivables

171

141

Recognised allowance

–56

–60

Policyholder dividends

Policyholder dividends are recognised as an element of policyholder benefits. The relative percentage of participating insurance of the life and health policy benefits in 2015 and 2016 was 8% and 10%, respectively. The amount of policyholder dividend expense in 2015 and 2016 was USD 126 million and USD 279 million, respectively.